Subject: *CACM Inside Risks* NOTE: A somewhat abridged version of the document below will appear as the 258th Inside Risks column in the February 2026 issue of the Communications of the Association for Computer Machinery, volume 69, number 2, pages 28--32. Both versions relate to complexities in trustworthiness in health-care that need to be deeply understood by computer scientists and healthcare providers, because of the intense synergy required. The ACM-edited version is also online on my website (without the CACM artwork): https://www.csl.sri.com/users/neumann/cacm258.pdf The following text is the unabridged version of the document on my website: https://www.csl.sri.com/users/neumann/cacm258-full I am hugely grateful to Tom Lambert at CACM, my long-time editorial contact for the Inside Risks series. He has enabled the publication version to come to fruition. ------------------------------ Emerging Trustworthy Healthcare: Lessons for and from Computing Peter Gabriel Neumann ``What I Learned from Robert Redford. ``Life is the ultimate gift, and you should fight for it every day till your last.'' That sentence is the side-text from *The New York Times* Opinion piece by J.C. Chandor [1], with the above section head as its title. It is also a motto of this unusually personal Inside Risks column, which underscores the special place healthcare has in everyone's lives, and some corresponding risks. Abstract This unabridged article considers what healthcare systems might learn from past efforts to develop highly trustworthy computer systems. In doing that, it also considers applications to healthcare areas that are in successful practice in other countries. For example, some of the immunotherapy approaches mentioned here are already undergoing extensive or at least experimental use worldwide. Although this column represents only a small first step toward a possible future, it also suggests a unified theory that could eventually bring together different disciplines that somehow might eventually be integrated. Background As this column explains, the term *trustworthiness* is highly relevant to computer technology and to healthcare -- the two most trusted areas of human life; however, it has not always been sufficiently trustworthy in both disciplines. (For first-time readers of Inside Risks columns, trustworthiness is the extent to which a system can assuredly be trusted to satisfy its specified requirements (e.g., for human safety, security, correctness, real-time responses, survivability, and other necessary behavior). It is a speculative term if there are no requirements against which to evaluate a system, although such systems are much more likely to fail if they were designed without proactive attention to critical requirements.) We often accept decisions from medical providers without evidence or verification. In cases where evidence appears to exist, it is often of the one-size-fits-all variety, commoditizing medicine with worthy aims of scalability, affordability, business success, social recognition, and so on. As individuals who cannot actually verify this, we are forced to trust systems and human judgments -- whether or not they are trustworthy. Nothing is completely infallible. For example, a recent report notes that a few organ donors who had been declared dead prior to the transplant were discovered to still be alive! [2] Commodity medicine provides some statistical evidence (e.g., via clinical trials for new drugs), without accounting for the specifics of an individual's cause of disease. Whereas statistical evidence is very useful in some cases, it does not generally address individually focused diseases where trustworthy evidence must, by definition, be tailored to the individual. Where individually tailored evidence exists in the lab (e.g., genetically specific to the patient), it is often discarded for non-scalability and cost reasons [3]. My publication from the 2024 HealthSec Workshop [4] included an extensive enumeration of many past risk-filled cases related to uses of computer-system technology in healthcare, most of which were drawn from my ACM Risks Forum (https://www.risks.org). It also included numerous cases of defective equipment, human medical errors, flawed advice, and many other problems. The same result as noted above by Gina Kolata has also caused significant historical advances in computer-system technology to be ignored, for many of the same reasons. A long-standing problem over my 72 years as a computer professional is that many compelling R&D innovations have not been adopted into the marketplace. Healthcare Requires Trustworthy Technology Some of the over-arching concerns around the world involve the extent to which computer technology is (a) inadequately designed and implemented, (b) fundamentally flawed with respect to predictable safety, reliability, security, privacy, usability and other aspects of trustworthiness, (c) oblivious to research and development advances, (d) misused, (e) misunderstood, (f) too expensive, or (g) otherwise fraught with risks. (For example, see [5].) Many popular computer systems and networks have lacked even the most rudimentary evidence of trustworthiness, as that evidence depends on principles of development and analysis techniques that are beyond the abilities of many conventional programmers [6]. Similar comments are valid relating to health-care trustworthiness. Research and Engineering for Trustworthy Healthcare As noted at the beginning of this article, one of the most fundamental gaps is generic rather than specific to healthcare: the overwhelming absence of trustworthy commercial computer systems and networks. Thus, we need to begin building new trustworthy special-purpose devices for specific medical uses, and demonstrate in practice what might be achieved. Some inspiration may be found in constructive uses of demonstrably evidence-based research that uses modern system- and software-engineering approaches with seriously addressed principles [7]. The novel CHERI capability-based hardware-software is a noteworthy advance, being developed extensively since 2010 jointly with SRI International and the United Kingdom team in Cambridge UK) with funding from DARPA and more recently the British government and industry. formally proved to satisfy their critical security properties [8]. CHERI is slowly becoming recognized by some corporations for its extensive trustworthiness [9]. A powerful approach pursued by Professor Nancy Leveson relating to human safety has an underlying formal foundation that is also hidden from the developers so that it can be usable by people without advanced computer science degrees who have to deal with the complexity of today's systems such as healthcare technology and automated systems. Her System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) handbook has been downloaded over 500,000 times, and attendees at her workshops are from about 100 countries and every industry you might imagine. [10] Patient-Specific Technology Is Becoming Increasingly Desirable There is often no universal solution in healthcare. For example, many medical practices seem to be stifled by the use of pharmaceutically based treatments that try to suppress the symptoms rather than treating the underlying causes. This standardized approach can in general impede the adoption of promising new methods that could be much more effective. Worse yet, pro-active consideration of environmental hazards has also been stifled (by commercial agriculture, pharma, and other corporate bodies). Overall, it seems that prevention would have been much more effective than trying to rectify the ill effects of decades of harmful practices. Trustworthy Healthcare Technology and Treatments Are Emerging Untrustworth technology was considered extensively in my 2024 HeatlhSec paper [4]. Untrustworthy treatments are also a major problem, considered here.. The above gaps in our commercial information technology are reflected in the need for better healthcare-specific research and development. The ``approved'' standard allopathic treatments tend to treat only evident superficial symptoms with one-size-fits-all technology -- typically pharmaceuticals and full-body chemotherapy that are often iatrogenic (i.e., the alleged cure can be worse than the malady itself), typically lengthening the span of life while reducing the quality of life by wiping out the immune system. On the other hand, functional medicine features significant improvements in cost structures and less dependence on pharmaceuticals, with individualized patient-based strategies that use carefully evaluated alternative, economical, and safe approaches to holistic healthcare that seek to address the root causes. For example, it increasingly appears that a way to the future for treating certain cancers [11] and other immune-system abnormalities is inspiring genetically engineered immunotherapy that is specifically tailored to the particular patient's tumor, disease, or hereditary defect, e.g., in combination with hyperthermia. On the other hand, full-body gene therapy appears to be much further off in the future, if indeed it can be realistically practical. Nevertheless, full-body hyperthermia already has a considerable role in treating Lyme disease and its common co-infections. Similar conclusions are relevant for dealing with immune-system degradations resulting from toxic air, water, ground residues, and toxic food, where blood, bones, organs, and fluids need to be analyzed and treated to reduce forever-chemicals and other toxic entities -- although elimination from the environment would require massive changes. My Recent Experience I have a personal involvement in some of these issues -- I was diagnosed with stage-three pancreatic cancer in August 2024, which my first-opinion California health-care provider pronounced terminal in four to six months, with no hope for remediation. They insisted surgery would be far too dangerous (e.g., the Whipple technique of removing half of the pancreas and replacing it with an animal organ part). In addition, full-body chemotherapy was considered to be non-survivable -- e.g., intolerable and fatal. I was told that I should go home and enjoy each remaining moment. However, a week of daily radiation apparently produced some slowdown in the progression of the tumor. Fortunately, my daughter (a practitioner of Oriental medicine, but afflicted with 25 years of chronic tick-borne diseases) had previously been to the Sanoviv Clinic functional medicine clinic in Baja California (about an hour down the Pacific coast in Mexico), which she had visited for tick-borne co-infections and other toxicities a few years before. Sanoviv treats some forms of cancer and immune-system diseases, and she suggested we visit there. They gave me a second-opinion view of the same CT scan and suggested something positive was indeed feasible, especially in that it had been diagnosed early enough. Sanoviv is helping advance the development of trustworthy technology -- e.g., hyperthermia devices and the use of hyperbaric oxygen chambers to increase oxygen absorption (in techniques originally developed by the German Celsius 42 GMBH, which is 106.5 Fahrenheit), immune-system enhancers, and programs that analyze, alter, and detox people with certain cancers, and others infected with diseases carried by ticks, mosquitoes, parasites, birds, and other creatures (developed at Sanoviv). One of the Sanoviv technologies includes the use of hyperthermia machines (with the goal of targeting the particular heated internal organ with local chemotherapy cancer coded to the genetic make-up of the tumor (with essentially zero after-effects), or full-body treatment for Lyme-related diseases). Similar research efforts are underway elsewhere. Such technologies hold enormous promise for the future. To illustrate my situation regarding alternative healthcare more specifically, here is a brief outline of what happened, having chosen the Sanoviv alternative for a three-week visit in December 2024. I was then a 92-year-old male with one of the commonly inherited erroneous genes (cataloged as the so-called `ATM' error -- each such common erroneous gene has its own unique alphabetic identifier). The ATM bad gene is explicitly linked with prostate, pancreatic, and breast cancer, which I presumably inherited from my mother and/or father). Note that I had prostate cancer over a decade ago (spread to the left hip, treated successfully with radiation and testosterone-blocking hormone therapy, now in remission for well over a decade). My first pancreatic-cancer treatment at Sanoviv included building up my immune system with repeated intravenous drips of artemisia, amygdalin, and up to 144 grams of vitamin C. A localized killer-chemotherapy package was prepared coded to the genetic make-up of the tumor, which when applied following a drip of T-cells resulted in fragmenting the overheated tumor in a single application of the coded chemo package. Systemic hydration with essential electrolytes was also part of the daily regimen. This initially resulted in a 30% reduction in the scope of the tumor in December 2024, and 50% by six months later after a take-home version of generic chemo for that type of cancer. A second visit of two weeks to Sanoviv followed on 1 June 2025. A slightly modified improvement in the immune-system build-up protocol was used (based on their recent research): the 3-hour vitamin-C drips was replaced with a much more effective 15-minute macrophage activation-theory drip. Delivery of the coded killer package was again preceded by the repeated hyperthermia electromagnetic organ heating, and hyperbaric pressure chambers, followed by the immune-enhancing drips plus a T-cell drip, all of which further enhanced the process. The doctor's expectations (based on previous experience) were that about 90% of the tumor was already neutralized, with continued diminution again expected in the following months, as the immune system went to work again. This was monitored with CT scans, blood results, and the CA19-9 pancreas-marker test results, which indicated successful treatment thus far. I am concluding this unabridged column during my third visit in December 2025, which showed that the CA19-9 marker had grown a little since I left Sanoviv in June 2025. That suggested that continuation of the hyperthermia and immunotherapy was in order, most likely again regularly in the future. However, the long-term prognosis remains decidedly hugely positive when contrasted with the original death sentence before i reached out to Sanoviv. Other cases were celebrated during both of my first sessions at Sanoviv. December 2024 involved a patient with an American clinic's diagnosis of stage-four colon cancer for a Jehovah's Witness patient who did not want any surgery. Visiting Sanoviv for the hyperthermia treatment noted above, that patient received 3.5 weeks of treatment, and left with *zero* signs of cancer. Several women with advanced breast cancer had similar experiences. Other total and partial eliminations were also observed. According to conversations with doctors and patients, the occurrence of many such successes is apparently not a surprise. The reputation of Sanoviv continues, well-founded in its 15 years of research, and should be a genuine inspiration. It may not always live up to patient expectations, but it seems to succeed quite often in the right direction. It also provides an incentive for ongoing and new research, there and elsewhere. Fundamental Research in Progress Some examples of just few healthcare-specific technology research topics are summarized here: * Understanding and Controlling Chronic Immune-System and Other Diseases: Covid and Long-haul Covid, Dysautonomia (connective tissue disorder), and a wide range of nervous-system disorders (including Mast Cell Activation Syndrome MCAS, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome POTS, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome EDS), Lyme disease and its nontrivial tricky-to-diagnose co-infections -- such as Borrelia Bergdorferi (with 5 variants including Borrelia STARI from the lone-star tick), Ehrlichiosis (4), Anaplasmosis, Francisiella, Ricketsia (3), Bartonella, Babesiosis (2), Bartonellosis, Powassan virus, Heartland Virus, Colorado Tick Fever, Bourbon virus, Sevan fever (Tick-Borne Encephalitis, which affects people in and travelers to Europe and Asia), Thrombocytopenia, Tularemia, Alpha-Galactose (``Alpha-Gal'', from the Lone-Star tick, which may cause death from immune reactions such as anaphylaxis -- see the alleged first recorded U.S. death of an airport pilot in New Jersey who died upon eating meat (although many other deaths are now suspected in retrospect) [12], Rocky-Mountain Spotted Tick Fever, and Epstein-Barr (a form of chronic mononucleosis), to name a few -- plus other similar items such as Lupus, Sickle-Cell Anemia, HIV-AIDS, diabetes, eating disorders, obesity, etc. Recent attention has noted that Mosquito-borne chikungunya [13], well known in South America, Africa, Asia, and recently Puerto Rico, was recently discovered on Long Island NY; it causes disabling joint pains. This list gives only a hint at the complexity of these co-infections, an area in which targeted research is becoming increasingly critical because the relatively rare successful known treatments may be quite different). For example, The Quiet Epidemic: As Close as Your Backyard video (102 minutes, color, Kino Lorber, 2022) provides a view of the medical cover-up of the approved Lyme-disease treatment (a wrong-headed ubiquitous standard single-dose antibiotic, rather than some kind of 28-day cycle to account for multiple stages of the infecting agent.) Unfortunately, there are no adequate sufficiently accurate references on these infections, with relatively little ongoing work in progress. Accurate complete testing tends to be very spotty in the U.S., although excellent (e.g.,) in Germany. Worse yet, the treatment for each of the above is necessarily confused by the absence of definitive research and testing, and the lack of individualized treatments specific for many of the above maladies. Also, long-term delays in treatment tend to result in chronic degeneration that cross the blood-brain barrier and become much more difficult to rectify. Note: Very recently, the American Medical Association has finally identified Chronic (long-term) Lyme as a disease, after many years claiming that the term had no meaning -- with many doctors routinely suggesting that patients should consult psychiatrists. Sanoviv and other clinics around the world (such as Paracelsus in Switzerland, St Georg in Germany, and various places in Canada) evidently have a much more robust understanding of the tick-, insect- and parasite-borne infections than allopathic doctors. * Immune-system research is still in its infancy, but making gigantic progress. With climate change among other factors increasing their life-cycle and geographical spread, ticks are now found on every continent, including in Antarctic penguins), and the generic category of immune-system diseases seems to be a catch-all for as-yet unknown causes. More-specific diagnosis is going to be critical, which is already a huge problem in trying to identify and distinguish among the Lyme-related diseases and some of the lesser understood cases noted here. * Sanoviv is also conducting ongoing research to systematically assess the physiological and clinical effects of bioenergetic therapies incorporating microcurrent, pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), and low-level laser-light therapy in patients with chronic degenerative diseases, particularly cancer, focusing on these interventions as non-invasive, non-pharmacological modalities that may represent emerging potentially trustworthy therapeutic technologies. Other issues also need to be considered, in much greater depth: * Exploring Complementary Protocols and Medicine for Treatment: Various types of scanning/imaging (Xray, CT, PET), genetically targeted chemotherapy, Extra-corporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation (EBOO, involving treatment of blood with ozone and oxygen), plasmaferesis and the Patricia King Protocol, other detox protocols (for elimination of environmental toxins, heavy metals, forever chemicals, microplastics, food allergies, etc.), T-Cell therapy, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Some of these require extensive technology to support their effectively controlled use with real-time monitoring, analysis, and general supervision. Once again, functional medicine appears to have a major role. * Exploring Crosslinks among Diseases, Treatments, and Medications: Patients are increasingly having seemingly unrelated symptoms with multiple medications that may have surprising or unknown effects, actually complicating recovery. Significant research is needed to explore these interrelationships. Conclusions: Lessons for Computer and Healthcare Systems The absence of meaningfully trustworthy computer-communication is likely to remain an obstacle for the foreseeable future, considering the frequent occurrences of system crashes, power outages, hacking, ransomware. and other risks. The short-term challenges will be in trying to develop application software that can overcome the inherent underlying hardware/software system risks. Please remember that total-system trustworthiness is an over-arching emergent property of the entire system; it depends on the hardware, operating system, application code, and the successful composability of all of these components, failure in which may result in system errors, self-denials of service, and external exploits. Evidence of trustworthiness in computing -- and particularly the use of artificial intelligence in medical applications -- should begin to emerge for individual software systems; e.g., selective high-assurance applied to specific software modules, applications, and eventually perhaps total systems. We already have some evidence that the personalized healthcare lessons in trustworthiness resonate in computing applications from Amazon [14,15]. The potential of patient-based targeted immunotherapy seems to be theoretically unlimited, with even some longer-range experiments in genetic engineering. That is why I lump cancer care and animal-borne immunotherapy together here, even if the treatments might seem conceptually different. Not surprisingly, various countries and some U.S non-government start-ups are betting that immunotherapy solutions can revolutionize healthcare. Such far-reaching approaches are desperately needed. For example, it was announced in mid-October 2025 that N4 Pharma and SRI International have demonstrated a breakthrough in RNA cancer therapy [16]. Also, the 2025 Nobel Prize for Medicine for peripheral immune system tolerance in immunology awarded to Mary E. Bruncow, Fred Ramsdel and Dr. Shimon Sakaguchi should help the cause considerably in advancing applications of immunology for holistic healthcare. In hindsight, it appears that some healthcare approaches have grown from a rather English/old-German biomedical tradition, whereas some others (e.g., Mexican, new German, Swiss) have deeper Spanish/French and even thousands-of-year-old Chinese, Indian, and even Egyptian roots that are closer to what is now deemed functional healthcare. The differences in approach are stark, but both can certainly work together. Thus, healthcare worldwide needs to address technology that is more demonstrably trustworthy, integrative, and tailored to the individual genetic make-up (especially including overcoming already cataloged widely known erroneous genes). Above all, good healthcare represents a holistic international problem that needs holistic approaches. Please remember that no one size fits all here, and more individualized care is going to be absolutely necessary. It is crucial that synergy between trustworthy computing and trustworthy healthcare become more closely integrated. This is perhaps the most important conclusion of this paper. The series of HealthSec workshops that began in 2024 [4] and 2015 [17] is a vial step in this direction for the ACM, with the next one now scheduled for December 2026, under the aegis of William Yurcik, head of technology for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. So, where might all of this be heading sometime in the future: With the eventual availability of trustworthy computer systems, trustworthy evidence-based AI, trustworthy gene sequencing, and trustworthy pharma (especially where open-sourced), you might even be able to do much of what is alluded to here by yourself (with some trustworthy guidance) -- or at least have a considerably better understanding of what might be possible if and when you might wish to live longer with a good quality of life. People on both sides of the fence might call it Primitive Healthcare, going back several millennia in principles and certain approaches that can still be effective in practice. APPENDIX 1, Dr. Richard Horowitz, one of the early doctors who has really understood the deeper implications of Lyme Disease and its co-infections from its early identification wrote on his website in December 2025: ``How nice for ticks. They have been named 'pest of the year'. I'm sure they are very proud. Considering how much disease and disability they cause, I would go so far as to name them 'pest of the century'. We have been seriously underestimating the number of individuals affected. The BMJ Global Health Study done a few years back, indicated that roughly 1 in 7 people on the planet (14.5%) have been exposed. Considering the overlap with CFS/ME, Fibromyalgia, non-specific autoimmune disorders and dementia, where Lyme has been published to play a role in a significant number of cases of Alzheimer's disease (scientific studies indicated there was a 10-fold increase in dementia cases reported when there was detectable evidence of a spirochetal infection), I would venture to guess the numbers are closer to at least 1/4 people on the planet right now, if we include other chronic fatiguing, musclo-skeletal, cardiopulmonary, neuropsychiatric illnesses. Yes, they are big pests. And the sooner we find environmental solutions, including but not limited to a tick spit vaccine, which would decrease the incidence of a broad range of TBDs, you need to be extremely vigilant with tick prevention.'' APPENDIX 2: Myron V. Wentz, Sanoviv founder, from his website: As I continued my research into cutting-edge healthcare, I also found that addressing all aspects of the individual is impossible if true healing can occur. Modern science is just beginning to prove the wisdom of the ages. The mind, body, and spirit are connected. It is impossible to heal the body without including one's health's mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects. For these reasons, I have created the ultimate facility for healing the body, mind, and spirit. I have poured my heart and soul into this vendeavor. Myron V. Wentz Bibliography 1. J.C. Chandor, What I Learned from Robert Redford, *The New York Times*, 20 September 2025. 2. A Push for More Organ Transplants is Putting Donors at Risk, The New York Times, 19 September 2025. Also, Doctors Were Preparing to Remove Their Organs. Then ... The New York Times, 19 September 2025. (Two versions) https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/20/us/organ-transplants-donors-alive.html 3. Gina Kolata, A Chance for a Cure Goes Away, *The New York Times* Science Times, 23 September 2025. 4. Peter G. Neumann, Position Paper: Computer-Related Healthcare Risks, in Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Cybersecurity in Healthcare (HealthSec), ACM CCS, Salt Lake City, Utah (2024). https://doi.org/10.1145/3689942.3694749 https://www.csln.sri.com/users/neumann/heatlhsec24.pdf 5. Thom Hartmann, The Hidden History of American Healthcare: Why Sickness Bankrupts You and Makes Others Insanely Rich, Koehler Publishers, Inc., 2021. 6. Peter G. Neumann and Ulf Lindqvist, The Future of Misuse Detection: from lessons learned to new directions. November 2024. https://www.csl.sri.com/users/neumann/cacm255.pdf 7. Peter G. Neumann, Fundamental Trustworthiness Principles in CHERI, H.A. Shrobe, D. Shrier, and A. Pentland. New Solutions for Cybersecurity, MIT Press/Connection Science, Cambridge MA, January 2018. 8. Thomas Bauereiss, Brian Campbell, Thomas Sewell and Alasdair Armstrong, Lawrence Esswood, Ian Stark, Graeme Barnes, Robert N. M. Watson, Peter Sewell, Verified Security for the Morello Capability-enhanced Prototype Arm Architecture, 31st European Symposium on Programming (ESOP 2022), May 2022. 9, Nancy Leveson has worked extensively on Human Safety for many years, and more recently has made signification contributions to trustworthy healthcare safety.. Her recent books, research papers, and details on STPA are enumerated on her website: \url{http://sunnyday.mit.edu/} 10. See the CHERI website for published papers, CHERI hardware specifications, operating systems including CHERI-BSD and real-time OSes, CHERI-RISC-V, and many public materials: https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/security/ctsrd/cheri/ 11. Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer, Scribner, 2010, ISBN 978-1-4391-0795-9. 12. Joseph Goldstein, In a Tick Bite, a Fatal Puzzle Seems to be Solved, *The New York Times*, online 20 November 2025: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/20/nyregion/jetblue-pilot-death-tick-alpha-gal.html). Updated in print, Tick Bite Seems to Be the Reason Behind a Pilot's Mysterious Death, National Edition, front page + p.A22, 21 November 2025. (Alpha-Gal deaths.) 13. Joseph Goldstein, Mosquito-Borne Illness Rarely Seen in the U.S. Is Suspected on Long Island, *The New York Times*, 26 September 2025. (chikungunya) https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/25/nyregion/chikungunya-mosquito-illness-long-island.html 14 J. Backes et al.: One-click formal methods. IEEE Software 36(6), 61–65 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2019.2930609 15. B. Cook, Formal reasoning about the security of Amazon web services. In: H. Chockler and G. Weissenbacher (eds.) CAV 2018. LNCS, vol. 10981, pp. 38–47. Springer (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96145-3 3. 16. N4 Pharma and SRI, Breakthrough in RNA Research, mid-October 2025 postings. https://www.sri.com/press/story/n4-pharma-and-sri-demonstrate-breakthrough-in-rna-cancer-therapy/ 17. Cybersecurity in Healthcare (HealthSec’25) Workshop, collocated with 41st Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC), Honolulu, HI, USA, 2025. Bio: Peter Neumann (Chief Scientist in SRI International's Computer Science Lab, Moderator of the ACM Risks Forum: www.risks.org, and ACM Fellow/Life Member) is especially grateful to Virgil Gligor for incisive comments reflected here, to other members of my ACM RISKS review panel, the Sanoviv clinic -- notably Dr. Luis Ramses Ortega Durazo for his amazing care and support, Dr. Ysidro Molina for his constructive feedback, and Dr. Liria Mitzuko Fajardo Yamamoto (Sanoviv Director of Research) -- and various conventional and functional-medicine professionals and practitioners (including my daughter Helen K. Neumann, Li.Ca, MSTOM), all of whom helped improve this unredacted statement that was adapted by CACM for the February 2026 CACM Inside Risks article: https://www.csl.sri.com/users/neumann/cacm258.pdf